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## The Discrete Logarithm Problem Now that you understand modular arithmetic, we can move on to its applications. In the previous post, we discussed how to perform modular computations. Now, it's time to learn how these computations are used in cryptography. Calculating the remainder in an...

## Get Familiar with the Task I assume you've already read the description and noticed that the flag in this challenge resembles a familiar Base64 encoding. However, after decoding it, you see what looks like a series of random bits: ``` Q††Ð¤~“ĦZƒòÕöï!益§.§ä>îÓF7­Oþ²ë†Y+æèZs¶ ·¨2...

 ## Get Familiar with the Task In the first step, you have to figure out what the main task in this challenge is. As you may see, there is a text input form that updates the **textContent** depending on a strange-looking **if** statement. If you can manage to make this...

# What is Modular Arithmetic? Usually, when you want to perform division, you do something like: $$ \frac{3}{5} = 1,(6) \Rightarrow 1\frac{2}{3} $$ But there are some cases when you only need the remainder. $$ \frac{\text{Dividend}}{\text{Divisor}} = \text{Quotient} + \text{Remainder}...

### First Part **Figure out what the real task of the challenge is.** ### The Hardware Part Based on the given schematic, we have an RPI2040 controller connected to another mysterious chip via the I2C bus. After a quick search on Google to find out what the M24C02-WMN is, I discovered it’s...